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Level A Level B Level C TOEFL Incorrect word TOEFL Reading Comprehension Synonym word TOEFL

Thursday, October 11, 2007

Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 80

Đọc đoạn văn sau và trả lời các câu hỏi:

   Undergraduate students may choose to take on course each quarter under
the Pass-Fail Option, so long as the total number of hours of course
credit taken as pass/fail does not exceed fifteen. Courses in the
student's major, honors courses, and English courses required of
5 all students may not be taken as pass/fail courses. Credits earned
in pass/fail courses are not used in computing grade-point averages.
Students considering the pass/fail option should note that graduate
schools do not recognize courses taken on this basis.

1. A student may take on a pass/fail basis




2. In relation to pass/fail courses, the passage implies that




3. In what way do pass/fail courses affect the undergraduate student's final standing?




Xem lại bài Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 80 và bài Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 79

Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 79

Trình độ TOEFL - Bài 79

Đọc đoạn văn sau và trả lời các câu hỏi:

   Cerro Prieto, twenty miles south of the United States border, is a
large geothermal energy field likely to produce 1,000 megawatts of
electricity annually by the early 1990's. This will be well above
its initial' 1973 capacity of 75 megawatts, which was doubled in
5 1979, with a further 30 megawatts added two years later to bring
it up to its present capacity. However, in addition to the primary
purpose of producing electricity, scientists at Cerro Prieto have
developed several other uses for the geothermal heat and fluid, including
some in acquaculture and hydroponics. In relation to the former,
10 crayfish are raised in water kept at about 85F. They feed on the
minute crustaceans and algae occurring naturally in the geothermal
fluid while special strains of bacteria have been introduced to clean
the water along with small local crayfish that absorb salts harmful
to the commercial variety. This variety's metabolism is speeded up
15 by the controlled environment, which reduces growing time.

The salt-rich geothermal fluid also produces sticking results through
the use of hydroponics, which yields of crops such as tomatoes and
cucumbers as much as 300 per cent higher than in normal soil. Meanwhile,
20 a ten-meter-long enclosed shed produces half a ton of barley grass
per day, the grass reaching a height of five inches in only seven
days from seed.

1. Cerro Prieto is




2. What was the generating capacity of the Cerro Prieto field in 1980?




3. By how much was the field's capacity expected to expand between the time of writing and the early 1990's ?




4. The passage implies that




5. According to the passage, which of the following is true ?




6. It can be inferred from the passage that




7. Scientists control the commercial crayfish's environment in order to




8. The passage says that, compared with what is normal, the use of hydroponics at Cerro Prieto produces




9. The barley grass mentioned in the passage




10. What is the best title for the passage ?




Xem lại bài Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 78 và bài Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 79

Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 78

Đọc đoạn văn sau và trả lời các câu hỏi:

   Among the problems that must be solved if even more powerful but smaller
computers are to become viable propositions is the heat computer
circuits generate. The present market leader, with 300, 000 chips
in 100 cubic feet, requires a powerful refrigeration system; the
5 kind of super-computers now being discussed might cram half a million
chips into a space the size of a shoe box, and would probably need
a bath of liquid nitrogen to keep them from melting.

1. Today's leading large computer




2. It may be inferred from the passage that




3. According to the passage, the super-computers




4. The passage deals mainly with




Xem lại bài Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 78 và bài Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 77

Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 77

Đọc đoạn văn sau và trả lời các câu hỏi:

   Los Angeles, host of the 1932 and 1984 Olympics, was founded in 1781,
though the oldest house still standing in the city goes back to only
1818. Unlike San Francisco, it was mainly settled by people who traversed
the United States by land.

1. According to the passage, Los Angeles




2. It may be inferred from the passage that




3. When the first time the Olympic games were held there, Los Angeles was




Xem lại bài Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 76 và bài Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 77

Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 76

Đọc đoạn văn sau và trả lời các câu hỏi:

   Malinowski makes the highly relevant point that folklore cannot simply
be viewed in terms of its content. Instead, he contends that, as
anthropologists rather than literary critics or students of ancient
documents, we must distinguish the social context and function of
5 any given narrative. To this end we must consider how those affected
Trobriand Islanders who differentiate between what he defines as
fairy tales, legends, and myths. The first are frankly fictional
tales which are dramatically told at a specific season, and are vaguely
believed by the islanders to have beneficial effect on their recently-planted
10 crops. The second, or legends, are seen as being true and as containing
important factual information, but not as being in any sense magical
in their effect. The last group, or myths, are considered not only
true, but venerable and sacred, to be told in association with specific
rituals or when the effectiveness of such rituals is called into
15 question.

1. This passage was written by




2. Malinowski suggests that the usual, nonanthropological way of looking at a narrative is in terms of its




3. It may be inferred from the passage that




4. When do Trobriand Islanders tell fairy tales?




5. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true of the Trobriand Islanders ?




6. It may be inferred from the passage that Malinowski




7. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?




Xem lại bài Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 76 và bài Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 75

Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 75

Đọc đoạn văn sau và trả lời các câu hỏi:

   One of the unknown factors with tax cuts is what consumers will do
with the extra income thereby made available to them. Such cuts are
usually made with the aim of stimulating a flagging economy, but
the effects on growth tend to be negligible if consumers, instead
5 of going on a spending spree buying durable goods such as home appliances,
decide either to pay off their accumulated debts or hold on to the
extra cash in the form of savings. And the fact is that usually when
a tax cut is implemented, company investment tends to be running
at a low ebb, and only the consumer has the wherewithal to provide
10 a fresh impetus.

1. According to the passage, tax cuts automatically provide more money for




2. According to the passage, the effects of a tax cut are




3. It may be inferred from the passage that a government which reduces taxes usually wants consumers to




4. According to the passage, under what circumstances are tax cuts generally introduced?




5. The passage implies that




Xem lại bài Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 74 và bài Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 75

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    Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 74

    Đọc đoạn văn sau và trả lời các câu hỏi:

       The place which is now Annapolis, the capital of Maryland, was first
    settled by ten Puritan families from Virginia in 1649, and was given
    the name of the Town of Greenbury. It received its present name in
    1695, having been made capital of the crown colony of Maryland a
    5 year previously, was chartered by Queen Anne in 1708 and incorporated
    as a city in 1796. For a period of a little less than nine months,
    from November 26, 1783, it was made the temporary capital of the
    nation and it was there, on January 14, 1784, that the peace treaty
    with England was signed, ending the Revolutionary War. The city,
    10 which retains its authentic colonial character, is probably best
    known today as the home of the United States Naval Academy. Much
    of its present layout dates from 1696, its radiating streets and
    interconnecting circles being notably similar to the plans by Sir
    Christopher Wren and John Evelyn for the rebuilding of London after
    15 the Great Fire of 1666.

    1. The capital of Maryland has been located at its present site since




    2. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage ?




    3. When was the notion's capital moved from Annapolis ?




    4. Where would this paragraph most probably appear ?




    5. Which of the following is noted as a similarity between Annapolis and the plans for rebuilding London ?




    6. According to the passage, all of the following statements about Annapolis are false except




    7. Today Annapolis is primarily known as




    8. It may be inferred from the passage that




    Xem lại bài Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 74 và bài Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 73

    Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 73

    Đọc đoạn văn sau và trả lời các câu hỏi:

       One of the most common large mammals in the western part of the United
    States is the mule deer, which occupies a variety of habitats, ranging
    from dense coastal forests to arid desert lowlands. Probably as a
    result of this variety, there have been differing reports as to some
    5 aspects of the mule deer's social behavior, some observers claiming
    that dominant males gather harems around them while others specifically
    refute this. Comparisons with the social behavior of other ungulates
    suggests that the formation of groups is more likely to occur where
    the habitat is fairly open, as with elk, and less likely in densely
    10 vegetated areas, as is the case with moose.

    1. What is the main topic of this passage?




    2. The author suggests that the observers referred to




    3. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage ?




    4. Some aspects of the social behavior of elks appear to resemble that of




    5. The idea that some mule deer behavior varies according to where they live is put forward by the author as




    Xem lại bài Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 72 và bài Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 73

    Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 72

    Đọc đoạn văn sau và trả lời các câu hỏi:

       Blood is indeed in the news, for on the heels of that announcement
    comes a report of tests carried out in the United States and Japan
    on artificial blood. After an accident, time is crucial for a person
    suffering from extensive blood loss, and a transfusion of real blood
    5 must often be preceded by a time-consuming test for blood type. Plasma
    does not require such a test but, because it can carry little oxygen
    it is not a wholly satisfactory substitute. Perfluorocarbons appear
    to offer an answer. They are utilized in combination with and emulsion
    called Fluosol-DA, which provides a number of additional advantages
    10 over real blood. These include the absence of need for blood tests,
    the fact that it can be frozen for as long as two years, its elimination
    eventually as a gas through the lungs, and the impossibility of its
    transmitting such problems as hepatitis.

    1. What was the preceding paragraph probably about ?




    2. Why, according to the passage, is a transfusion of real blood sometimes problematical ?




    3. What can be inferred from the passage about perfluorocarbons ?




    4. Which of the following is mentioned as being as advantage of Fluosol-DA over real blood ?




    5. What would be the most suitable title for this extract ?




    Xem lại bài Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 71 và bài Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 72

    Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 71

    Đọc đoạn văn sau và trả lời các câu hỏi:

       Simply stated, computational linguistics is no more than the use of
    electronic digital computers in linguistic research. These machines
    are employed to scan texts and to produce, more rapidly and more
    reliably than is possible without their aid, such valuable tools
    5 for linguistic and stylistic research as word lists, frequency counts,
    and concordances. But more interesting and theoretically much more
    difficult than the compilation of lists, is the use of computers
    for automatic grammatical analysis and translation. A considerable
    amount of progress was made in the area of machine translation in
    10 the United States, Great Britain, the Soviet Union, and France between
    the mid-1950's, and the mid- 1960's but much of the original impetus
    for this work has now disappeared, due in part to the realization
    that the problems involved are infinitely more complex than was at
    first envisaged. Thus, translation continues to remain as much an
    15 art as a science if not more so.

    1. According to the passage, computational linguistics involves




    2. In what way have the machines referred to proven to be helpful to researchers ?




    3. How does the author describe the present state of machine translation?




    4. According to the passage, which of the following problems is the most difficult to solve ?




    5. According to the passage, when approximately was significant progress made in translations by computers ?




    6. It can be inferred from the passage that translation




    Xem lại bài Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 71 và bài Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 70