Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 42

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   Adam Smith thought up the principle of division of labor two centuries
ago. Well, to be honest, he couldn't be said to have invented it;
the principle was used by the ancient Egyptians to build the pyramids.
He was however the person who put it down in writing, and it became
5  the classic principle on which the Industrial Revolution was based.
Now, it's time for Adam to move over. Re-engineering has appeared
and appears to be taking over from the old principles.

If you want to make a good company a better one, you need re-engineering.
10 The book by Michael Hammer and his co-author, Re-engineering the
Corporations, calls for radically changing the way most companies
are run. No longer should work be divided into different tasks, but
instead the whole process of work has to be re-conceptualized. That
is if a company wants to achieve more than an acceptable increase
15 in productivity and profits.

Today business is no longer a series of functions, but a process of
work that requires a horizontal set-up. There should be team work.
New procedures and new strategies should be continually established.
20 Information technology must be fully utilized. Above all, production
should be geared towards serving customers better and taking full
advantage of new technologies. Re-engineering involves a totally
new approach to business, one which if achieved will lead to steady,
even sensational, improvements in performance and consequently in
25 market share.

1. What is the main topic of the passage?
(A) Adam Smith
(B) The division of labor
(C) Corporations
(D) Re-engineering
2. What does the author imply about Adam Smith?
(A) That he was instrumental in helping start the Industrial Revolution.
(B) That he wrote the principle of the division of labor.
(C) That he created the principal on which the Industrial Revolution was based.
(D) That he wrote about the ancient Egyptians.
3. What doesn't re-engineering call for?
(A) The process of work should be re-conceptualized.
(B) Work should be divided into different tasks.
(C) The way companies are run should be changed.
(D) Business should be managed in a different way.
4. What is the most important factor in re-engineering?
(A) Team work
(B) New strategies
(C) Information technology
(D) The customer
5. Which of the following best describes the author's attitude to re-engineering.
(A) It is too sensational.
(B) It is too new.
(C) It is extremely useful.
(D) It is too steady.

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