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Napoleon Bonaparte's ambition to control all the are a around the
Mediterranean Sea led him and his French soldiers to Egypt. After
losing a naval battle, they were forced to remain there for three
years. In 1799, while constructing a fort, a soldier discovered a
5 piece of stele (stone pillar bearing an inscription) known as the
Rosetta stone. This famous stone, which would eventually lead to
the deciphering of ancient, Egyptian hieroglyphics dating to 3100
B.C., was written in three languages: hieroglyphics (picture writing),
demotic (a shorthand version of hieroglyphics), and Greek. Scientists
10 discovered that the characters, unlike those in English, could be
written from right to left and in other directions as well.
Twenty-three years, after discovery of the Rosetta stone, Jean Francois
14 Champollion, a French philologist, fluent in several languages, was
able to decipher the first word - Ptolemy – name of an Egyptian ruler.
This name was written inside an oval called a "cartouche." Further
investigation revealed that cartouches contained names of important
people of that period. Champollion painstakingly continued his search
19 and was able to increase his growing list of known phonetic signs.
He and an Englishman, Thomas Young, worked independently of each
other to unravel the deeply hidden mysteries of this strange language.
Young believed that sound values could be assigned to the symbols,
while Champollion insisted that the pictures represented words.
1. How many years elapsed between the date of the oldest hieroglyphics deciphered by means of the Rosetta stone and the stone's discovery?
2. Which of the following languages was not written on the Rosetta stone?
3. Which of the following statements is not true?
4. When was the first word from the Rosetta stone deciphered?
5. What was the first word that was deciphered from the Rosetta stone?
6. Why were Napoleon's soldiers in Egypt in 1799?
7. Who was responsible for deciphering the first word?
Xem lại bài Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 102 và bài Reading-Comprehension-Lesson 103
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